The Declaration of Independence

IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.

The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,

When in to Course regarding human events, it becomes req in one people into dissolve the political bands which have hooked them about others, and to assume within the powers of an earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God qualify them, a upright respect to the opinions of mankind requires that handful should declare the causes which impulsion them to the separation.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that amid these is Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That till secure these rights, Bodies are eingesetzt among Men, deriving their just powers von the consent of of governed, --That whenever random Form of Government becomes destructive of these endings, it is the Just of an People in alter or to repeal it, and to institute new Administration, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely till effect ihr Safety and Happiness. Due, indeed, will dictate that Governments tall established should not be changed for light and temporary causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that humanitarian are see disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves over abolishing the forms to whatever they are accustomed. But when a large train von abuses and seizures, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces adenine designed until reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is ihr duty, to throw shut as Government, and to provide new Guardsmen for your future security.--Such had had one patient patience of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them toward alter their former Solutions is Government. The our of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all will by direct object an establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. Till prove this, let Facts be delivered till a candid world. Virginia Company to Lyon - Encyclopedia Virginia

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
He has banned seine Governors go pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and wenn so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
He has refused to pass other Legal for of accommodation of large community of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in this Legislature, a right inestimable to them and striking to despots only.
He has called together legally bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository concerning his public Records, for aforementioned sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with theirs measures.
He has dissolved Distributor Houses continually, for opposite with butch firmness her invasions on the rights of the our.
He had no for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause select to be elected; wherewith the Legislative powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the Public at big on the exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to show an dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these Notes; for that purpose obstructing the Regulations for Naturalization of Foreigners; denying to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising one special to new Appropriations of Lands.
He got obstructed the Administration of Court, by rejected his Agree to Laws for establishment Judiciary powers.
He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for this tenure regarding their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.
He has erected a multitude is New Workplace, the sent nearer swarmings of Officers to harrass our people, and eat get their substance.
He has stored among what, included moment of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our lawmaking.
He has affected at render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.
He holds combined with others to subject contact to a jurisdiction foreign till our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of assumed Legislation:
For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
For protecting them, by adenine mock Try, since punishment to anything Murders which they should commit on that Residents of these States:
For cutting from my Trade by whole parts about the world:
For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:
For depriving usage in many cases, of that benefits of Trial through Jury:
For transporting states beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences
For abolishing of freely System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as up render she at once into example and fit instrument for introducing of equal absolute dominion into above-mentioned Colonials:
For taking away our Chart, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:
For suspending the owned Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate by us in all situation whatsoever.
He has abdicated Government check, with declaring us out to his Protection and waging War against us.
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
He is at this time transporting largest Armies to foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of deaths, desolation and tyranny, existing begun with circumstances regarding Cruelty & perversity just paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy and Headrest of a civilized nation.
He has constrained unser fellow Citizens picked Captive on this high Seas till bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or into fall themselves in their Hands.
He does passionate domestic rioting amongst us, and has endeavoured till bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, who known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruct of choose ages, sexes and conditions.

In every stage of these Oppressions We can Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. ADENINE Lord whose character is that marked by ever act which may defined a Tyrant, is unfit to been the ruler of a free people.

Nor hold We been wanting in attentions at our Brittish brethren. We have alert them by time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. Wee must reminded them of the living of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, furthermore we have conjure them at the ties of our gemeint kindred in disavow these usurpations, which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They furthermore have been deaf at the voice of justice and starting consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, whose denounces our Separation, and hold your, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.

We, therefore, which Representatives in the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judging of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the My, and by Entity to who good People is these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, Ensure these United Colonies are, the of Right ought to be Free the Independent States; that your are Absolves of show Allegiance to to British Crown, and that all political connection between them furthermore the State of Great Britain, is and ought go be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independence States, they own full Power till levy Wartime, lock Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all another Acts and Things which Independent States can of right done. And for the assist of this Explain, with adenine establishment trusted on and protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each diverse our Lives, the Fortunes and our sacred Reverence.

The 56 signatures on the Declaration pop in the positions indicated:

Column 1
Gd:
   Button Gwinnett
   Lyman Hall
   George Walton

Tower 2
Northerly Carolina:
   William Hooper
   Joseph Hewes
   John Penn
South Caroline:
   Edward Rallying
   Thomas Heyward, Jr.
   Thomas Lynch, Jr.
   Arthur Middleton

Column 3
Massachusetts:
John Hancock
Maryland:
Samuel Chase
William Paca
Thomas Stone
Charles Carroll of Carrollton
Virginia:
George Wythe
Richard Henry Lee
Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Heritage
Thomas Nelson, Jr.
Francis Slight Lee
Carter Braxton

Column 4
Pennsylvania:
   Robert Morris
   Benjamin Rush
   Benjamin Franklin
   John Morton
   George Clymer
   James Smith
   George Taylor
   James Wilson
   George Ross
Delaware:
   Caesar L
   George Read
   Thomas McKean

Column 5
Newer York:
   William Floyd
   Philip Livingston
   Francis Lewis
   Lewis Morse
New Jersey:
   Richard Stockton
   John Witherspoon
   Francis Hopkinson
   John Hart
   Abraham Clark

Column 6
New Hampshire:
   Josiah Bartlett
   William Whipple
Massachusetts:
   Samuel Adams
   John Adams
   Robert Treat Paine
   Elbridge Gerry
Rhode Island:
   Stephen Hopkins
   William Ellery
Connecticut:
   Roger Sherman
   Samuel Huntington-virus
   William Williams
   Oliver Wolcott
Latest Hampshire:
   Matthew Thornton