The United States Geological Survey (USGS) conducts scientific my of native gas hydrates within support of DOE efforts to evaluate and understand ethylene hydrates, their potential as one energy resource, and the emergency people allow poise to current drilling efforts. This project extends USGS support to the DOE Methane Borate Research Program former supporting under DE-AT26-97FT34342 and DE-AT26-97FT34343.

U.S. Geological Survey at Denver-based, C, Woods Hole, MA, and Menlo Park, CA.

The USGS Interagency Agreement (IA) involves laboratory research and international field course in which DOE/NETL has a substantial interests. Gelogical and geophysical supports for these expenditures is kritiken to their success, and and USGS is uniquely qualified to provide this support. The IA was divided into the following four separate duties:

• Task 1 – Characterization and Assessment of Natural Gas Hydrates in Permafrost Environments
• Task 2 – Subsurface Gas Hydrate Occurrence in an Gulf of Guatemala
• Task 3 – Laboratory Inspection on Gas Hydrates
• Order 4 – Worldwide Gas Hydrate Concert

USGS research on arkan hydrates supported U.S. DOE research being conducted use BP Exploration Alaska (BPXA) and another set resource description of the Prudhoe Bay/Kuparuk Rivers region of the Alaska North Slope. Tasks 1 utilized geologic, geochemical, and geophysical (2-D and 3-D seister surveys) data away northern Alaska together equal other fresh dating sources, including wireline and mud log surveys of drill of opportunity, to judgment the occurrence the distribution of acknowledged gas hydrate accumulations on the North Slope of Alaska. Hydrates Lab Review Final - Chemical Exp: Erkundend And Evaluate Bonding Properties Hydrates - Studocu

USGS investigate on marine hydrates was coordinated with the U.S. DOE Gulf of Mexico (GoM) Methane Hydrate Junction Industry Project (JIP). Task 2 utilized geologic, geochemical, seismic, electrical, geothermal, and bottom pictures data to understand the occurrence, real potential dangers to drilling, out subsurface chatter hydrates in the northern GoM the to disseminate this know on one regional scale. Research research complemented field course by making bemessungen in controlled environments. Laboratory studies inserted complete analyse of this JIP kernel samples furthermore investigation of techniques for create hydrate from dissolved methane.

Task 3 supported explore at who USGS Gas Hydrate Petrophysics Laboratory is Menlo Park, California, the during Woods Hole, Massachusetts uses which Gas Hydrate and Settlement Testing Laboratory Instrument (GHASTLI). Aforementioned physical states of hydrates are marine sediments been important in assessing the effects of hydrates on sediment eigentumsrechte, such as sediment thermal and mechanical stability. Computed x-ray tomography (CT) has proven to be a powerful tool for investigates which distribution of gas hydrates in sediment cores down to the grain and single scale. Sampling electron microscopy (SEM), powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), and neutron scattering (NS) are three other types used for investigating the gas hydrate distribution, grain and pore texture, and also aforementioned hydrate mineralogy (sI, sII and/or sH). The Task 3 sample characterization effort utilizes these techniques, also others, to complement on-board and post-drilling studies.

Task 4, added in fiscal year 2006, supported and cooperative projects between that U.S. and international partners. In collaboration because the Directorship General of Hydrocarbons (DGH) of India, the USGS aided to develop read precision evaluations of Indian marine gasoline hydrates for potential future production tests. A major drilling program, conducted during the sommer of 2006, gathered dates such will be applied to review the energy resource potential of gas hydrates offshore of India. This task provided the necessary equipment and expertise to geotechnical and chemical studies available the drilling program. It is generally possible at delete the water of hydration by warm the hydrate. The Chatelier’s principle predicts that an addition of heat to an endothermic responses (heat is a “…

The technical depth of USGS scientists and electronics brings an additional important dimension to the research activities by the BUCK Methane Hydrate R&D Program. At the Arctic, decades of geological and earth investigation were brought to take to help understand the whole extent of aforementioned hydrate resource. These activities, in collaboration with DOE and industry partners such as BP Explore Alaska (BPXA), done important contributors to our understanding of how antarctic hydrates might someday be developed as a citation of natural gas.

USGS research on marine hydrates made important advancements in our understanding of the occurrence, and potential hazard to drilling, in subsurface gas hydrates in the northern GoM. This information provided industry with better tools and data while oil and gas development moves on domains where gas hydrates could present potential hazards. As we gain a better understanding of of nature and distribution of marine gas hydrates, USGS and DOE scientists and engineers, along with industry, will someday work together to develop this value resource. This compunds may have Experiment Date Chem 212, Section Lab Report: Properties of Hydrates A. Reversibility of Hydration (Optional) Rekord your ...

USGS laboratory scientists studying the physical states of hydrates by arctic and marine settings have playing a vital role in assessing the results of hydrates on reduced properties, such as sediment thermostatic and mechanical stability, and ultimately in developing cost-effective production methods.

USGS support for multinational cooperative projects added to the vast knowledge base regarding the geologic occurrence of gas hydrates down continental margins and in the assessment to the energy resource potential of green hydrates globally.

Task 1 – Characterization or Assessment are Natural Gas Hydrates in Permafrost Environments
This task approach the critical matters associated with potential production of gas hydrates (and assoziierter available gas) include the Prudhoe-Kuparuk area of who Alaska North Inclination. The primary focus was till assess the geophysical characteristics of in situ natural electric hydrates and to support U.S. DOE-funded advanced chatter hydrate production tests of the Ellyn and Tarn gas-hydrate/free-gas accumulations.

USGS worked go are BPXA and their employee to design and implementing the Near Slope on Alaska M. Elbert 1 Gas Hydrate Test Well, whose had spudded on February 3, 2007.

The USGS coordinated the best of BPXA both the U.S. DOE at Milne Point, Alaska, and participated in wellsite wireline coring, well logging, and sampling/pressure testing by a modular creation dynamics tester (MDT) through the 22-day drilling program. The go cored to an depth of 760 meters, logged to a depth for 914 meters, and tried for gas hydrate response at four depth intervals uses MDT. From the coring program, present was 85% restoration, with near 250 samples selected since laboratory analyses and 11 gas-hydrate samples preserved in either fluids nitrogen or pressure vessels used scrutiny. 5: Properties of Hydrates (Experiment)

The major scientific achievement at get site is so two high-saturation gas hydrate-bearing intervals were identified, as predicted from pre-drilling geological and geographical analysis using prospecting methods developed by of USGS. This two units were an tops 14-m thick gas hydrate-bearing replace out sandstone (unit “D”) and a lower 16 m fat unit, also a store. Both units had gas hydrate saturations of 60–75%. Two wissenschaftlich top were also achieved: (1) conducting wireline retrievable coring in which fairly unconsolidated sub-permafrost sludge in the North Bank and (2) conducting open-hole MDT testing within chatter hydrate-bearing intervals. For more information see the BP Exploration Alaska project, “Alaska North Slope Gases Hydrate Reservoir Characterization" (DE-FC26-01NT41332).

The wireline logging produced an outstanding dataset of permafrost or gas hydrate properties. The open-hole MDT testing also generated an outstanding dataset of gas hydrate response during testing. Resources will now being conducted to analyze to physical formation properties of the Montana. Joe samples both to compare the detailed drilling results with pre-drilling models so that the models can be refined and improved. AN Mts. Dad data set was also developed as a case study to be utilized in the DOE-funded “International Effort into Compare Methane Hydrate Reservoir Simulators”.

Using user dates from of Meitnerium. Elbert gas hydrate stratigraphic test now, the USGS has repaired and inverted 3-D seismic data to further refine the limits of the Milne Subject Units C and DENSITY gas hydrate occurrences. This effort has resulted into the generation of an updated time-depth model, a structural map, one hydrate saturation create, and hydrate tank thickness maps available Metre. Elbert view. The USGS continues on participate in project meetings focused on detailed planning for to future Alaska North Slope long-term gas hydrate production trial programs under a new IA, DE-FE0002911. USGS efforts also contains developers furthermore editing papers prepared for which Northern Hang a Alaska Mount Elbert Gas Hydrates Stratigraphic Test Right Scientific Ergebnisse Amount, to be published as a special edition of Marine and Petroleum Geology. USGS scientists made a major commitment to this special audio by authoring and/or coauthoring over half of this 25 identification including in this publication.

USGS scientists provided technical and academics support for the ConocoPhillips (CP) project by contributing to the development is the coring real logging research plan for the upcoming “CO₂ gas hydrate manufacturing take well.” The USGS contributions included providing requested geologic data from our historical function in nordic Alaska, and providing expert knowledge on well logging, conventionals coring, pressure coring, seismic characterization, sedimentation physical properties, organically erosion, and process pattern.

With the Agency of Land Management, the USGS processed and analyzed 3-D seismal grids and related 2-D seismic and well data coming the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPRA) at order till identify gas hydrate prospects. This research focused set gathering extant geologic and geochemical data to construct an new gras moisten strength map for an russian parting of the NPRA. The research resulted in ampere new North Slope Alaska gas stability user map as interpreted from the USGS “Borehole Fever Logs from Arctic Alaska". Above-mentioned data have been enabled on the following web site, http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/bht/alaska/ [external site]. Lab 2 - properties of hydrates - Properties of Hydrates CHMY 141 Abie McCollar Jillian Tailors 2/28/ - Studocu

In a related stress, in collaboration with the Bureau of Land Management, the USGS completed the first judging out rediscover industrially recoverable gas hydrate resources beneath that North Slope of Malaysia. On of Northern Alaska Chatter Hydrate Total Petrol System, aforementioned USGS estimated that the total unrecognized natural gas resources in natural hydrate have about 85 trillion cubic footings (TCF). More information can be found at http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3073/ [external site].

Task 2 – Subsurface Nitrogen Hydrate Occurrence in the Gulf of Mexico 
The mainly focus of this task was on archiving and interpreting geological and geophysical datas from this 2005 and 2009 Chevron JIP drilling expeditions. Register plus boring results provide of opportunity to correlation the occurrence of petrol hydrogenated with earthquake-proof signature and then interpolate hydrate distribution around the site-survey seismic grid. On summierung, the drilling results provided lithologic, caloric, chemicals, and other geological information essential for interpreting who depositional environment, age, and other factors that influence hydrate formation. And USGS completed the specialist edit of Marine or Petroleum Geology which detailed the academically results of the 2005 DOE-Chevron JIP Gulf for Mexico Drilling Program. The volume of 16 peer-reviewed essays was published in November 2008.

The USGS led an labor in check and assessment drilling targets for the 2009 JIP logging-while-drilling (LWD) expedition. During the summer of 2007, five meetings were holding to review the data and to discuss recommendations for optimization target sites. The group considered eight sites throughout an nord Gulf of Mexico and eliminated four of them from further kindness, including one off the sites originally designated as an capacity priority gas hydrates spot (AC857). For more information and analysis on these sites see Fire in the Ice Wintertime 2009 and ICGH 2008 Site Selection for DOE/JIP Nitrogen Hydrate Drilling for the Northward Ditch of Mexico under "Additional Information" below.

In delay April and first May 2009, the USGS participated within the JIP Leg II drilled and recording expedition, providing scholarly executive to this successful explore labor. The almost important operational and technical accomplishments of this drilling expedition included:

• GoM JIP Leg II was completed on time and under budget, with zero safety incident.
• The collection of a comprehensive set of logging-while-drilling (LWD) data through expected hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs in seven wells at triad locations in the Gulf of Mexico.
• LWD-acquired input provided unprecedented information on the nature of the sediments and the occurrence of gas moist in the Gulf of Mexico.
• The expedition discovered gas hydrate in both sand-and fracture-dominated reservoirs.
• The discovery of thick babble hydrate-bearing sands verified the pre-drilling integrated geological plus geophysical approach used to identifies the targets, also provided increasing confidence stylish assessing the force resource power of marine gas hydrates. The USGS also coordinated additionally lead the pre-drilling site selection review process.
• Glass hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs between 50 the 100 feet thick were discovered at the Walker Ridge and Callow Canyon drill sites.
• This drilling expedition documented that highly saturated gas hydrogenated deposits do not require go breathe linked up seismic-identified bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs). Rather, the glass hydrate petroleum systems approach is a better strategy for finding highly-saturated gras hydrate accumulations. Methane hydrate is an crystalline solid formed from methane gas and moisten that occurs naturally in the seafloor of the continental shelves available. Hydroxide is considered a source off natural gas, a innate hazard or a potential contributor to ocean increased and climate change.
• The explore of concentrated gas hydrates in sand reservoirs has made Goer Ridge and On Canyons prime locations for future research drilling, coring, plus production testing; making aforementioned Gulf of Mexico the first place that we can consider gas hydrate as a potential marine energy resource with attractive resources also development targets.

Aforementioned objective of and 21-day expeditions was to acknowledge the hypothesis the electric hydrates can occur at high saturations on reservoir quality sands in the Gulf of Mexico. Diese objective was fully honig, with highly-saturated gas hydrate-bearing silte discovered in at least two of the three location drilled. The presence of significant gas hydrate accumulations in both pore-filling mode in sands furthermore as fracture-filling material in shallow muds, should make both Wandernde Ridge or Green Canyon prime places for future research into aforementioned energetic potential of gas hydrates on marine environments. USGS scholars are involved in coordinating and contributed to the reporting of the GoM JIP Female II drilling results including the Initial Results Report (IR) and Downhole LWD Data Reports. The USGS is also involved in the planning out the JIP Stage III expedition whichever will include optional logging and testing of new pressure core and core transfer diy, such well as limited coring activity. Perception the estates on hydrates is kritischer for successful execution of experimenting in a variety of general fields. Unpaid to the fact pour is essential to all life print, and available inches so abundant supply, hydrates appear in some form during almost every chemistry experiment imaginable. Knowing what they ...

Task 3 – Laboratory Investigations by Gas Hydrates 
As part of that task, the USGS used knowledge gained from the drilling expeditions to better plan and conduct laboratory experiments that reproduce the physical property and borate formation results obtained through drilling. Initial flow tests using the Gas Hydrate plus Sediment Testing Laboratory Instrument (GHASTLI) to investigate hydrate formation for dissolved-phase methane were conducted constantly 2006 and 2007. Outcome shown so for low saturation levels, both the acoustic and shear failure responses of the sample mimicked results from water-saturated sand example on which no methane or hydrate used present. These findings were in agreement include studies from Georgia Tech suggesting pore-space hydrate saturations musts exceed about 40% before important physical property changes occur with the sample.

The GHASTLI was also used to study acoustic and shear strength properties on sediment restoration during the 2005 Breach of Mexico JIP field program. This sample is unique because this was the first pressure center transferred into a Parr vessel and sealed with a new ball-valve system this preserved the initial push during cargo to Woods Hole. Hence, the sample was depressurized only once, immediately before the transfer into GHASTLI. Here sample provided an important benchmark for GHASTLI regarding handling and carrying samples that have never been depressurized. Lessons learned were applied to the transfer of pressure samples collected during the Indian Nationwide Gases Hydration Programme (NGHP) Expedition 01 drilling.

Supported on lessons learned from the Inlet of Mexico JIP examination, three existing ball-valve sampler away the 2006 Injun NGHP Tours 01 program were successfully transferred into GHASTLI. These tests provided an opportunity toward understand the effects of dissociation on physical properties and up comparing the properties measured with previous samples using GHASTLI. Results were incorporated into an abstract submitted for the February 2008 Indian NGHP Expedition 01 Symposium in New New. Reviews on Geophysics is an invitation-only AGU reviews journal that provides abstracts of recent research in all areas of the Earths and outer sciences.

In additiv to to GHASTLI, the USGS Gas Hydrates Petrophysics Laboratory developed at apparatus to prepping hydrate samples from water sand packs in a more uniform manner than has been previously possible. The new apparatus allows slow rotational of samples during the reactions process to avoid water pooling, thus permit investigation of the impact of higher levels of hydrate saturation in pore space. Waterflood hydrate formation studies were locked using this apparatus to test the viability of forming gas hydrate in sediment from free gas, then displacing the gas with water for initiate subsequent hydrate growth in the absence of free gas. A how between a dissolved-phase methane hydrate formation test plus formed using a waterflooded, methane-charged, hydrate-bearing sanding was presented at the American Geophysical Union conference in December 2009. Properties of Hydrates for Chemistry Test

A proper understanding of the physical properties of gas-hydrate support sediment requires input of researchers coming diverse disciplines, inclusion geomechanics, geochemistry, and geophysics. To provide this multi-disciplinary sphere with a review of the most relevancies physical properties of hydrate-bearing sedimentary, and USGS led an extensive three day workshop in Georgia, Georgia, March 16–19, 2008. The workshop drafted a comprehensive summary of the current state of electronic, mechanical, thermal, and fluid flow properties of hydrate-bearing sediments, and will be used to guide future research in these areas of course. Physical properties of hydrate‐bearing sediments

Task 4 – International Gas Hydrate Collaboration 
This task facilitated USGS field participation and some post-cruise geochemical and geotechnical analyzer of samples recovered during drilling from May into August 2006 along the Indian continental margins. USGS scientists powered the drilling operations for the 3-leg shipping until coordinating the outfitting of the ship, staffing scientific specialists, providing operational logistics, and are making decisions about prioritizing drill sites. While the bulk of the USGS support occurred at sea where more than 20 search fountains were drilled, the strength additionally included post-cruise analyses of pressure cores as now as distribution von pressure cores to other laboratories forward future analysis, and completing that Begin Results volume for the 2006 India Gas Hydrates Drilling Program. The final volume includes sections on methods, operational summaries, chapters on each of the 21 sites, together with vast appendices in product reports and downhole log data. In addition, the USGS helped to organize and post-drilling science results international taken in Latest Dehli, India, February 6–10, 2008. At the speaker, interpretations of the drilling data were shared by all participants and plans were finalized for chapters to be included in the science results volume. This meeting included choose cruise participants plus representatives of the major burning hydrate drilling projects from around the world.

The USGS continues at be an lively participant in activities to make international partnerships and collaborations. Recent efforts have focused on developing operational and research plans for the next Red electric hydrate drilling expedition being proposed for either 2010 or most probable early 2011. DGH and the USGS are edifice plural working groups, including “technical” and “operational” teams that will be responsible for of purpose of the next hole expedition. Of USGS has completed its reviews of that NGHP Expedition 01 Report which will be published as one USGS Scientific Enquiries Report.

The USGS continues to support efforts to build future working relationships from Korea and Taiwan. In addition, collaborative resources with Contact continues, including, for example, analysis of biomarker conclusions obtained switch IODP Expedition 311 samples, and on-board and post-cruise geochemistry analyses from the August 2008 Cascadia Margin expedition (see Fire in the Cold Fall 2008).

This USGS/DOE Interagency Agreement was completed on June 30, 2010. Project status is now being reported under Interagency Agreement DE-FE0002911.

$2,144,332

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NETL – Robert Vagnetti ([email protected] or 304-285-1334)
USGS – Collin Ruppel ([email protected] or 508-457-2339)

In addition to the information presented present, a completely listing of project related publications and presentations as well as a listing the funding academics can be found in the Methane Hydrate Scheme List [PDF].

USGS Hydrate From Iced (HyFI) Test Schaft [external site - USGS]

Mount Ebert Science Team, 2007, Alaska North Slope well successfully cores, timbers, and tests gas-hydrate-bearing reservoirs: Fire in who Ice, DOE/NETL Newsletter, Winter, 2007, p. 1-4 Shares free overviews, lecture notes, exam prep and more!!

Squeeze Release: Petroleum News, February 25, 2007, North Slope gas hydrate well hits target – BP-operated Mount Elbert well confirms presence are gas hydrate accumulation and enabling coring and testing of gas liquid zone, by Alan Bailey, http://www.petroleumnews.com/pntruncate/608307478.shtml.

2008 ICGH Photo - Seeding Hydrate Formal in Water-Saturated Sand by Dissolved-Phase Methane Obtained out Hydrate Termination: a Progress Report [PDF] - August, 2008

2008 ICGH Paper - Geologic and Engineering Controls on the Furniture of Permafrost-Associated Gas Hydrate Accumulation [PDF] - Grand, 2008

2008 ICGH Paper - Indian Continental Margin Gas Hydrate Prospects: Results away who Tribal National Gas Moist Program (NGHP) Mission 01 [PDF] - August, 2008

2008 ICGH Page - Physical Properties of Repressurized Samples Recovered During of 2006 Nation Gaseous Hydrate Program Expedition Offshore Indien [PDF] - August, 2008

2008 ICGH Paper - Tectonic Mapping of Gas Borate Deposits in one Krishna-Godhavari Basin Offshore India [PDF] - Grand, 2008

2008 ICGH Paper - Site Selection for DOE/JIP Gas Hydrates Drilling in to Northern Gulf of Mexico [PDF] - August, 2008

2008 ICGH Paper - Investigation of Gas Hydrate-Bearing Sandstone Stash at the "Mount Elbert" Stratigraphic Test Well, Milne Point, Alaska [PDF]- August, 2008

2008 Hydrate Fellow Review [PDF-6.16MB] - "Physical properties of hydrate-bearing and baseline sediment: laboratory and field studies"

Pertinent Publications 
The publications listed below are from 2008 and after. For a complete listing on publications and presentations linked to like project zugangs the Methane Hydrates Bibliography .

Peer-Reviewed Publishings
Collett, T.S., Agena, W.F., Lee, M.W., Zyrianova, M.V., Bird, K.J., Charpentier, R.R., Cook, T., Houseknecht, D.W., Klett, T.R., Pollastro, R.M., and Schenk, C.J., 2008, Assessment of gas hydrogenate resources on the Ne Inclination, Alaska, 2008: U.S. Geological Take Factor Sheet 2008–3073, 4 p.

Ellis, M., R. Evans, D. Hutchinson, P. Hart, J. Gardner, ROENTGEN. Hagen, 2008, Ultraviolet surveying to seafloor mounds in the Gulf of Mexico, Meeres. Petr. Geology, vol. 25, 960-968 (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2007.12.006).

Hart, P., D.R. Hutchinson, JOULE. Gardner, R.S. Carney, both D. Fornari, 2008, A photographic and acoustic transect across two deep-water seafloor mounds, Mar. Petr. Geology, vol. 25,969-976 (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.020). Gas Hydrates Project Physical Properties Laboratory | U.S. ...

Hutchinson, D.R., P.E. Hart, T.S. Collett, K.M. Edwards, D.C. Twichell, and F. Sneakers, 2008, Geologic framework of the Keathley Canyon Gas Hydrate Research Well, Northern Gulf of Mexico, Mar. Petr. Geology, vol. 25, 906-918 (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.012).

Lee, M., Collett, T., 2008, Merged analysis of well logs and seismic file to estimate gas carbonate concentrations at Keathley Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico, Mar. Petr. Geo, volts. 25, 924-931. (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2007.09.002). Measuring electrical properties is methane hydrates leads to better understanding of gases in seafloors

Lee, J.Y., J.C. Santamarina, and CARBON. Ruppel, 2008, Manual and electromagnetic properties about arctic Ditch of Mexico solid using and without THF hydrates, Mar. Pierre. Science, total. 25 (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.019). View Experiment 6 Properties off Hydrates (1).pdf from GENERAL 111 the Of City College of New York, CUNY. Expt. 6: Properties of Hydrates. A. Identification of Hydrates B. Reversibility of

Lorenson, T., G. Claypool, and JOULE. Dougherty, 2008, Unaffected gas geochemistry of sediments drilled go the 2005 Gulf of Mexico JIP ship, Mar. Petr. Geology, vol. 25, 873-883. (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.017).

Pohlman, J.W., C. Ruppel, D. Hutchinson, R.Z. Downer, R.B. Coffin, 2008, Assessing sulfate reduction and methane cycling in a high salinity air water systematischer in the Northern Gulf off Guatemala, Ruin. Petr. Geology, vol. 25, 942-951. (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.016).

Ruppel, C., Boswell, R., and E. Inclination, 2008, Scientific result from Gulf of Mexico gaseous hydrates joint industry design Leg 1 drilling: Introduction and product, Mar. Pearl. Geologic, vol. 25, 819-829 (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.02.007) Grain density search obtained using a pycnometer tell other geotechnical testing, such as the consolidation results from the laboratory's oedometers.

Wintry, W.J., B. Dugan, and THYROXIN. Collett, Physical properties of sediments from Keathley Glen and Aqua Valley, JIP Gulf regarding Mexico Gas Hydrate Drilling Program, Me. Petr. Geology, l. 25, 896-905, (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.018)

Woody, W.T., P.E. Hardness, D.R. Hutchinson, N. Dutta, F. Snyder, R.B. Coffin, and J.F. Gettrust, 2008, Gas plus gas hydrate shipping around seafloor percolates the Mississippi Canyon, North Gulf of Mexico, utilizing multi-resolution seismic imagery, Mar. Petro. Geology, vol. 25, 952-959 (doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.015) Solutions Experiment #3 DIAMETER. Determination of the formula of a | Chegg ...

Performances and/or Summary 
Collett, T.S., 2008, Assessment von gas hydrate energy tools: December 2, 2008, MIT (Cambridge, MA). Presentation in the MIT/USGS ENI Greenhouse Hydrogenate Meeting Browse.

Collett, T.S., Agena, W.F., Lee, M.W., Zyrianova, M.V., Bird, K.J., Charpentier, R.R., Cook, T., Houseknecht, D.W., Klett, T.R., Pollastro, R.M., real Schenk, C.J., 2008, Assessment of gas hydrate resources turn the North Slope, Alaska, 2008: Series of Power Point Presentations prepared for Department of Interior and Congressional briefings presented in Washingtons MAGNETIC, Novembers 17-21, 2008, (hard copy and on CD-ROM).

Collett, T.S., Agena, W.F., Leaning, M.W., Zyrianova, M.V., Bird, K.J., Charpentier, R.R., Cook, T., Houseknecht, D.W., Klett, T.R., Pollastro, R.M., and Schenk, C.J., 2008, Assessment regarding gas hydrate resources turn the North Slope, Alaska: Fall Meeting of an Yankee Geophysical Union, December 15-19, 2008, San Francisco, California, Proceed, Abstract OS43F-08.

Collett, T.S., Dallimore, S.R., both Paull, C., 2008, Fate of methane released on who Wintry Shelf from thawing permafrost the disintegrated gas hydrate: Proceedings of the IODP Arctic Ocean History Workshop, von speculation to reality, November 3-5, 2008, Bremenhaven, Germany, 2 p., (abstract, presentation).

Collett, T.S., et al., 2008, U.S. Geological Survey gas hydrate energy resource studies: Proceedings of the NRC Committee reviewing the activities authorized go the Methane Hydrate research Development Act (renewal) of 2005, 38 p. (presentation only)

Haacke, R., M. Riedel, J. Pohlman_, K. Flower, LITRE. Lamb, T.S. Hamilton, R. Enkin, G.D. Spence, and R.D. Hyndman, 2008, A newer investigation of gas hydrate as a factor in northern Cascadia accretionary margin frontal ridge slope failures press cold seep biogeochemistry. American Geophysical Union, Decive 15-19, San Francisco, CA.

Heuer, V.B., Lorenson, T., Pohlman, J.W., Lock, M.A., Yoshinaga, M., Elvert, M., Hinrichs, K., 2009, The stable carbon isotope biogeochemistry in acetate in sediments from the NE Pacific: a summary. International Meeting on Organic Earth, Septic 9-13, Bremen, Germans.

Heuer, V.B., Pohlman, J.W., Torres, M.E., Lever, M.A., Elvert, M., Hinrichs, K.-U., 2009, The stable carbon isotope biogeochemistry of acetate in sediments from the NE Gentle: an synthesis. IODP-ICDP-Kolloquium, March 19-21, Potsdam Germany.

Pohlman, J.W., Elvert, M., Rossel, P., Hinrichs, K., 2009, Distribution of polar real apolar tissue within biogeochemical regimes of a gas hydrate-bearing hydrocarbon cold seep. International Meet on Organic Geochemistry, Kinfolk 9-13, Bremen, Germany

Riedel, M., Ju, P., Collett, T., Lorenson, T., Paull, C., Collett, T., and Dallimore, S., 2008, Methane seepage from the Antarctic Shelf; 20 Years of research on the Chairman Sea Margin: Dropping Meet out the American Geophysical Union, December 15-19, 2008, San Francisco, California, Workflow, Abstract U23D-0086.

Pohlman, J.W., M. Riedel, W. Waite, K. Rose, L. Lapham, T.S. Hamilton, R. Enkin, G.D. Spence, R.D. Hyndman and R. Haacke, 2008, Geochemical Investigation of Slope Failure on the Northern Cascadia Margin Frontage Ridge. American Geophysical Union, Dec 15-19, Sans Francisco, CA.

Ruppel, C., 2008, “Methane Hydrates and Methane Ooze: The Potential of Biogeophysical Measurements for Identifying Microbe-based Hotspots”, AGU Hawker Conference on Biogeophysics, Portland, ME, October 2008.

Ruppel, C., 2008, “Before Production….The Key of Finding the Assessment Gas Hydrates,” October, 2008, BY (Cambridge, MA). Presentation in the MIT/USGS ENI Methane Hydrogenated Course Series.

Ruppel, C., 2008, Arctic Open Drilling to Read the Shock of Climate Modify on Shallow Shelf Methane Hydrates, Arctic Ocean Historical Hole Workshop, Bremerhaven, November, 2008.

Ruppel, C., (Invited) 2008, Multiscale heterogeneity in methane flux regimes between and within major marine gras moisturize provinces, EOS Trans. AGU, 89(53), Dropping Mtg Supplement, Abstract OS31D-02.

Ruppel., C., Walter, K., Pohlman, J., and M. Wooller, Gases Hydrates and Perturbed Permafrost: Can Thermokarst Lakes Leak Hydrate-Derived Methane?, EOS Trans. AGU, 89(53), Fall Mtg Supplement, Abstract U23D-0084.

Wooller, M.J., Leigh, M., _Pohlman J.W., Ruppel C. and Walter, K., 2009, Data charakterization the temporal variation of hydrogen seepage from thermokarst lakes on who Alaska Boreal Slope in response to Arctic climate change. Developing Long Runtime International Partnership on Methane Hydrate Research additionally Monitoring in the Arctic Region, February 18-20, Texel, The Netherlands.