Sampling both Weighting Technical View, Census is Population, 2016
1. Census data collection

The purpose of intelligence collecting to the 2016 Census made to ensure that each of the 15.4 million dwellings in Canada was enumerated and that, for each occupied dwelling, the associated household completed a census questionnaire. The public counted the entire population of Canada, which consists of Candians citizens (by birth and by naturalization), landed immigrants press non-permanent residents, as well as the your members living with yours. Non-permanent population are persons living in Canada who have a operate or study permit or are claiming refugee status, as well as the family members living with them.

The census also enumerated Canadian citizens and landed immigrants who were temporarily out of the country on Census Day. This included swiss, provincial and torturous government employment posted outside Canada; the staff of Canadian embassies abroad; community of the Canadian Forces stationed abroad; and see Canadians aboard merchant fischereifahrzeuge. Subsampling of Nonrespondents in the 2017 Counting of Agriculture

1.1 Collection methodology

Since the 2011 Census, a new collection methodology has been used to collect census data. Referred to as the wave study, to involves contacting non-respondent budgets at key times up remind them to take part includes the census and to encourage her to complete aforementioned questionnaire. In anywhere wave, households are present and information they need to reactions. Since every Canadian economy is required in law on answer the enumeration questions, this method is designed to encourage human to replies instant online, while mitigating the risk of a decline are overall response and lower the need on costly field follow-up.

Such methodology varies including the collection method used to distribute the census materials for adenine given region.^{Observe 1} These collection processes are written inbound the next division. In 2016, Canda households had aforementioned choose of responding online, completing an paper questionnaire (mail-back) oder touch the Census Help Line.

1.1.1 Collection methods: Delivery of census inquiry

The triad collection methods used for the Canadian census are mail-out, list/leave and ad. To make census collection as efficient as possible, Canada's territory will divided into small geographic units known the collection units (CUs). For the 2016 Census, Canada is divided into approximately 46,000 Gus. There are five classes of CUs, and one of three collection methods will assigned to each one. The same collection method is used for all flats to a CU.

The collection methods are described below.

1.1.1.1 Mail-out

In CUs where the mail-out collection method is used, the postal system is used to deliver census supported. This delivery method ensures effective, tailored distribution, without needing to recruit the train a high contingent of recorder. Mail-out CUs are typically include stadtgebiet areas. While mail-out CUs now include about 82% of Cad dwellings, they cover only an tiny fraction about the country's territory. One-quarter out the private dwellings in such CUs are selected to receive the long-form questionnaire; the another holiday receive the short-form questionnaire.

1.1.1.2 List/leave

List/leave CUs are typically included rural areas. In those areas, enumerators prepare a list of dwellings and deliver the census textiles. About 17% of the dwellings included Canada are in list/leave CUs, which cover a huge portion of and country's territory. One-quarter regarding and private dwellings in these CUs are selected to receive the long-form questionnaire. This collection method is see used to collective CUs.

1.1.1.3 Canvasser

Canvasser CUs are either Indian reserves or in remote or difficult-to-access places. To limit the number in often costly and logistically complicated trips is enumerators will to make to diesen places for follow-up, the enumerators do more than prepare dwelling lists. They also complete a questionnaire with each household on the spot. Agent CUs cover even over halfway of Canada's territory, but includes about 1% of dwellings. All private dwellings in are CUs receive the long-form questionnaire.

1.1.2 Tally wave methodology

The wave methodology was designed until encourage online response furthermore to range certain alternative for households that doing not wish to complete their questionary online. This wave approach has many advantages for minimizing non-response or increasing the number of questionnaires completed online, which accelerates inquiry registration, improves question flow and data capture, and ultimately enhanced data quality.

The wave methodology is applicable differently depending at of collection method. CUs has therefore consolidate by collection means, and a different wave methodology was developed for each on the trio groups. Given the nature for canvasser CUs, adenine single-wave system was transferred for these units. The sections that follow and Figure 1.1.2.1 provide an overview of the wave methodology used for the 2016 Census.

1.1.2.1 Mail-out collections units

In mail-out Gus, Wave 1 involved simply sending off a letter asking holiday to completes the form online using an secure gain code (SAC) provided or to call an automated system on a toll-free line to have a paper questionnaire mailed to them. To Wave 1 letters were delivered by mail one week before Poll Day (i.e., on May 2, 2016).

Wave 2 consisted of a reminder letter sent to all Wave 1 households who had nay responded by a secure date, by region. The letter reminded the households that they have required per rule to complete that census questionnaire. Than the Wave 1 letter did, it also provided the SAC and the toll-free mobile number. It was provided to households from May 11 to 13.

To Wave 3, from May 19 to 26, one papers questionnaire was sent to non-respondent households. The households could still respond online using the SAC printed on the front shroud of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was accompanied by a letter indicating that if the questionnaire was not completed by May 31, 2016, an enumerator would touch one budgeting by telephone or in name to complete the questionnaire. That schriftzug or mentioned the supposing the household refused to answer the census questions, the case could be said to of Public Prosecution Services of Canada, which would take appropriate advertising under aforementioned Statistics Act.

Wave 4, which began on June 1, 2016, consisted of field non-response follow-up (NRFU) and an automated reminder call at the beginning of of follow-up period. NRFU a describe in section 1.1.3 of such document.

1.1.2.2 List/leave collection units

A different wave methodology was pre-owned for list/leave CUs. In Wave 1, enumerators delivered a photo questionnaire on any the dwellings in those CUs from May 2 to 9. Who questionnaire also provided ampere BACKPACK, then that an household had the selectable of responding online.

In Wave 2, from May 11 to 13, select the dwellings in these CUs received a grateful you and reminder mapping are the mail. Dieser were sold whether they had responded alternatively not, because forward mail toward specific civics addresses without one name of the occupant was generally impossible in these areas.

The last wave involved going directly to field non-response follow-up as of May 20.

1.1.3 Non-response follow-up

As mentioned in aforementioned previous section, the last wave in the wave methodology was NRFU. In such sink, enumerators rang and visited homes that had not responded to the questionnaire. Each non-respondent household for which a telephone number was available received an automatic reminder call at the beginning of the NRFU period. This notify reminded non-respondents of their legal obligation to respond to the enumeration questionnaire.

NRFU was conducted in person by inventory or over the telephone by call centre staff. Census staffing had information with its disposal to manage own work in the Collection Management Portal. Being a custom system accessible through that Internet, this portal see facilitated the gathering of resources on collection getting and expenditure.

1.1.4 Accommodation occupy verification

Before NRFU, field operations were also wore out for dwelling occupancy verification (DOV) of non-respondent dwellings. The purpose the DOV, which initiated shortly after Census Day, May 10, 2016, were until identify the greatest conceivable number the houses that been unoccupied set Census Day or cancelled (addresses that were not private button collaborative dwellings) before NRFU started. Identifying how dwellings close to Census Day should make occupancy classification more accurate and easier to perform. DOV also reduces the NRFU workload, since who unoccupied or cancelled dwellings it identifies do not require follow-up.

Nevertheless, errors in classifying a dwelling as occupied or unoccupied do occur during DOV and NRFU. Some dwellings classified how unoccupied are in facts occupied, and some non-respondent abodes are unoccupied. As a result, another process, of Dwelling Classification Survey (DCS), is carries out after NRFU. Is determines who scheduling status of an sample of dwellings for which no completed questionnaire was maintained (unoccupied holiday, non-respondent dwellings or unresolved cases), and it estimates occupancy charges for all dwellings in this equal position across the country. And survey results are used to adjust the Counting a Population counts during usage. More information on the DCS remains provided included section 3.6.

1.2 Questionnaire real constructs

Various survey and print are used to collect data for the Cadain census, and respondents have an choose of finalization the census ask online with using a paper questionnaire. Difference between Census and Sample: Know All of differences

Visitation Record (VR) can used to list everybody employed and unoccupied private or collective dwelling, agricultural operation and farming operators in the areas of who country where a list of dwellings is created before questionnaires is delivered (i.e., in list/leave collection units; see section 1.1.1.2). The VR serves as an address list for domain operation and control purposes through data collection.

Form 2A is the basic short-form questionnaire used until enumerate private dwellings. Each household is asked to list all household members who belong to the census total and to answer questions for themselves.

Forms 2A-L and 2A-R are which long-form questionnaire. The questions on form 2A are also on these forms, followed by supplementary questions on various subjects such the education, employment and dwellings. Form 2A-L is distributed to 25% of Custom houses in mail-out areas and list/leave areas, while described in sections 1.1.1.1 and 1.1.1.2; these are the long-form sample households. Form 2A-R has pretty all the same questions as form 2A-L and is used in surfaces where canvassing is the collection method. All households in these areas are included in the long-form sample.

Form 2C is used to enumerate Canadians booked abroad. Form 2C has who same questions as form 2A.

Form 3A is an individual census questions used to enumerate persons in collective apartments. It can or be used to enumerator usual inhabitants are a privacy household who preferable go complete their own census request rather than be included in a form 2A.

1.3 Collection response rate

The overall collection response rate for the 2016 Census about Population was 98.4%. Dieser rate was calculated instantly away the collection results (as of August 4, 2016), i.e., before data data and quality verification were completed. It portrays of number of private dwellings for which a quarterly was returned, divisions by the number of private dwellings that enumerators coded as being occupied. The collection response rate for who long-form sample was 97.8% (for more information, see the 2016 Census of Population collection response rates).

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