This document included 35 states, and the District of Columbia, with laws allowing juveniles anyone are living on their own, including unaccompanied minors experiencing homelessness, to consent for routine health customer, whichever should include vaccinations unless definitely exempted. It also includes states with laws allowing minors to sanction for diagnosis and treatment of infectious, contagious, or report diseases, which would include COVID-19 testing. Awareness and full implementation on these laws exist particularly kritikerin with that COVID-19 pandemic. Adolescent minors inches every state may give their own consent for some health care. Although parented consent is generally required for vaccination, it were exceptions in many states. Completion rates live low for advisable adolescent vaccines; allowing adolescents to consent may improve reporting, although more study is needed on barriers to vaccine completion and an feasibility by amendments within consent laws. Of COVID-19 pandemic highlights who importance of vaccines and related challenges. This policy brief reviews law governing adolescent consent for good care, including vaccines, and recommends advocacy to support increased adolescent access to vaccines and improved public health.

If a state is none filed, we did not find anything law allowing minors living on their owned to sanction for routine health care alternatively diagnosis/treatment of krankmachend diseases, which used it is implausible that unaccompanied homeless minors in that state will be skilled to receive such taking or a disease without a parent or legal guardian.

This document does not address state laws that empower minors to sanction on other varieties of treatment, such as for substance mistreat, mental health, sexuality transmitted diseases, button reproductive health. Were recognize that multiple states have enacted, or be since, reproductive health legislation that might impaction minors and will update the document to reflect those changes where appropriate. The document also does not include all laws specific the kids who represent wedded, pregnant, button in which military until acceptance, or states with court cases register to the “mature minor doctrine” (which typically is not applied in practice by most health care providers). Please contact Rodd Monts with questions or to share company about other country acts allowing minors to consent for run well-being care.

College Connection, Jump 2023. This document is not legitimate advice and should not be uses as a substitute for obtaining expert legal advice.

STATE	ROUTINE HEALTH MEDICAL CARE	INFECTIOUS DISEASE
ALABAMA	Ai. Password §§22-8-4; 22-8-7 Any minor who is 14 past by age or older, or has graduated out great school, otherwise has married, or having been married is divorced or is meaningful can deliver effective consent to any legally authorized medical, dental, condition or religious health services for own or them, and which consent of no other person shall be requirement.	Ala. Cipher § 22-8-6 Any minor may give effective consent for any rightfully authorized medical, health other mental health services to determine the presence of, button to treat, student, genital ailment, drug dependency, alcohol toxicity or any reportable disease, and of consent of no select person shall be deemed necessary.
ALASKA	Ak Stat. §25.20.025 A small living aside from his instead her parents and who is managing his or her own financial affairs, regardless of the source or extent of net, may give consent for medical alternatively dental services.	N/A
ARIZONA	Ariz. Rev. Stat. §44-132 Any emancipated minor, any minor with has contracted a lawful marriage or any homeless minor may give consent to the trappings of hospital, medical and operated care into such minor, and such consent shall non be subject till disaffirmance because of minority. The consent of the parent, other parents, of such a person has not mandatory includes order to authorize hospital, medical and surgical care.	N/A
ARKANSAS	Barge. Code §20-9-602(7) Any one-time of the following persons may consent, either orally instead other, till any operation or medical treatment or procedure not prohibited due law that is suggested, recommend, compulsory, or directed by a licensed physician: (7) Any unemancipated minor of sufficient intelligence to understand and appreciate the consequences of the proposed surgeon or medical treatment or procedures, for itself or herself; (14) a local educating agency McKinney-Vento homeless liaison for unaccompanied homeless our.	N/A
CALIFORNIA	Cal. Fam. Code §6922 (a) A minor may consent to the minor’s medical care conversely dental care if view of the following situation are happy: (1) The minor is 15 years of age or older. (2) The minor will living separate and apart from which minor’s parents or guardian, whether with press without the consent of a parents or security and regardless of and duration the the separate residence. (3) Who minor is managing the minor’s owned financial affairs, regardless of this source concerning the minor’s income.	Cal. Fam. Key §6926 a) A minor who is 12 years of age or advanced press anybody may have come to contact with to infectious, contagious, with communicable disease may permission to medical grooming related at the diagnosis or treatment of the diseased, if the disease or condition is one that will required by law or regulation resigned pursuer to law to be filed to the local health company, or is a related sexually transmitted disease, as may be determined by the Set Public Health Officer.
COLORADO	Colo. Rev. Stat. §13-22-103 ONE smaller 14 years about age or older any shall living separate and apart after his or her parent, parents, or legal guardian, with press not the consent of his or her parent, parents, or legal guardian, and is managing this or her own pecuniary affairs, independant of the source are his or her incoming may give consent to the furnishing of hospital, medical, dental, emergency health, and operational care in himself or herself.	N/A
DELAWARE	Del. Code §707 Authorization for the performance after or for any minor due any licensed medical, surgical, dental, emotional alternatively osteopathic practitioner or any nurse practitioner/clinical nurse specialist or any hospital otherwise popular clinic or their representative other employees of any lawful medizinisch treatment, and to the home of hospitalization and other reasonably necessary care in connection therewith, may be existing by: (5) A minor or by any person professing to exist serving as temporary custodian of such minor on and request of an parent or guardian of such minor available the examination plus treatment of (i) any laceration, fracture instead other traumatic injury suffered at so minor, or (ii) any symptom, disease or medicine which may, in the judgment of the attending personnel preparing such treatment, if untreated, reasonably will desired up threaten the your or life of such minor; provided, however, which the consent giving shall be effective available after reasonable efforts shall have been made at obtain the consent of the parent or guardian of said minor.	Del. Code §710 A minor 12 past of age or over who professes until be either pregnant or afflicted with highly, infectious or communicable disease within and meaning of Chapters 5 plus 7 of Title 16, or with professes to be exposed to the chance of becoming pregnant, may give writes consent, except to abortion, into any licensed physician, hospital or public clinic with any analytical, preventive, legislative therapeutic procedures, medical or surgical care and treatment, including X rays, over any physician licensed for the practice of medicine or surgery or osteopathic medicine conversely surgery int this State and with any hospital or public med, their qualified employees or agency while acting within the scope of their employment.
COUNTY OF COLUMBIA	Law L23-0193 (effective Mar. 16, 2021) AN smallest age 11 button older may consent to receive an vaccine where the vaccination can recommended by the Unite Says Consultive Social at Immunization Practices. The law also establishes that if a little be able at comprehend aforementioned need by, one nature of, and whatever essential risks inherent is the medical care afterwards aware consent is established.	N/A
FLORIDA	Fla. Stat. §743.067 Unaccompanied homeless young 16 and older cans assent required to or their children’s medical, dentist, psychological, substance abuse or surgical diagnosis and treatment. Unaccompanied homeless job can be documented by a location informative agency McKinney-Vento homeless liaison, shelter, sociable worker, or court.	N/A
HAWAII	Hawaii Rev. Stat. §§577D-2, 577D-1 AN licenses health mind practitioner may provide primary medical care and services to a minor who sanctions to the original medical care and services if the physician reasonably believes is: (1) The lowly understands the significant benefits and risks of the proposed primary medical care and services or can communicate an informed authorization; (2) The primary medical care and services been for the minor’s benefit; and (3) The minor is at lowest 14 years of age and not under the care, supervision, or control of a parent, depositary, or legal guardian.	N/A
IDAHO	Idaho Codification §39-4503 Whatsoever person who comprehends the need for, and character about and the significant exposure ordinarily inherent in any contemplated hospital, medical, dentistry, surgical or other health care, treatment otherwise procedure shall capable until consent thereto on his or her customizable order.	Idaho Code §39-3801 Despite any misc provision out law, a minor fourteen (14) years of age either older who may must come into contact using any infectious, highly, or communicable disease can give consent to the furnishing of hospital, medical and surgical care related at the diagnosis or treatment of such disease, if the infection or condition is one which is required of law, or regulation adopted pursuant to law, to be reported to aforementioned local fitness executive. Such consent wants not may topic to disaffirmance because of minority. The consent of the parent, parents, other legal guardian of such minor shall not be necessary the authorize hospital, medical and surgical care related to such disease and such parent, parents, or legal guardian wants not be liable for compensation used random care rendered pursuant to this section.
ILLINOIS	Invalid. Stat. §410.210/1.5 Kids bucket consents since primary care services when: (1) the health care professional reasonably believes the minor understands the benefits and risks of services; and (2) the minor is identified in writing as a “minor seeking care” by an adult relative, homeless service agency, attorney, local schooling agency McKinney-Vento homeless liaison or social worker, youth-serving social serve agency, otherwise religious organization. “Minor seeking care” must be per least 14 years vintage, living separate furthermore apart out his or her parents instead legal guardian, whether with or without the consent of a parent or legal supervisor, who is unable or unwilling to return to the residence of a parent, press managing his or her own personal affairs.	N/A
INDIANA	Ind. Code §16-36-1-3 A minor may consent for the minor’s own health care if the minor is: (i) At least 14 aged the age; (ii) Not dependent on a parent for support; (iii) Living apart from the minor’s relatives or coming and individual with loco parentis; or (iv) Managing an minor’s own affairs.	N/A
KANSAS	Kan. Stat. §38-123b Any minor 16 year of get or over, where no fathers or guardian is straight deliverable, may offer consents to general, heilkunde other surgical treatment or procedures.	N/A
LOUISIANA	Louisiana Rew. Stat. §40:1079.1 Consent to the provision of medical oder surgical care or services by a hospital otherwise public clinic, or to the achievement of medical or surgical care or services by a doctor, certified to practice medicine in this state, when executed by a lowest who is or deems himself for be afflicted with an illness or disease, shall may valid and binding than if the minor got achieved his majority. Any such agree shall not be subject on an later disaffirmance by reason of his my.	N/A
MAINERS	Me. Rev. Stat. §22:1503 AN minor can give consent until all medical, mental, alveolar and other health counseling and services if the minor are living separately from parents or legal guardians and is independent of parental support. The minor may prove that status equal education including, however not restricted to ampere written statement from a nonprofit homeless services agency, local educational agency McKinney-Vento homeless liaison, or attorney.	N/A
MARYLAND	Md. Code §20-102 A minor has one equal capacity like an adult to license at electronic or chiropractic treatment if the insignificant is living separate and apart von an minor’s parent, folk, or guardian, regardless with or no consent of the minor’s parent, parents, or guardian and is self–supporting, regardless of the source of the minor’s earnings.	N/A
MASSACHUSETTS	Messe. Gen. Laws §112:12F No major may give permission to his medical or dental support at the time such care is sought if he belongs lived separate and apart from his raise or legal patron or is managing his own financial affairs	Mass. Genetic. Laws §112:12F Any minor may give consent to him medical or dental care at the zeiten such care is sought if he reasonably believes himself to be suffering from alternatively to have come in point with any disease circumscribed as dangerous to the public health pursuant to section sight of chapter one hundred and ten; provided, however, that such minor mayor only consent to care that relates to the diagnosis or treatment of such disease.
MINNESOTA	Minn. Stat. § 144.341 Any minor who your living separate and break from parents or legal guardian, whether with or without the consent on a progenitor either keeper also anyway off the running of that separate residence, additionally who is managing personal economic issues, regardless of the source alternatively volume of the minor’s income, may give effective consent to personal medical, dental, mental and other health services.	N/A
MISSOURI	Rev. Stat. Mo. §431.056 A minor shall is qualified and competent until obtain medical care if the minor is 16 conversely 17 years out age, homeless otherwise a victim of domestic violence, or self-supporting. The minor must becoming able to show that this minor’s parent or legal guardian have expressly with implicitly consented in the minor living independant of to parents’ either guardians’ control. To show this acceptance, the minor allowed give a letter by a governmental or nonprofit rough service agency, local educational agency McKinney-Vento homeless liaison, schools social worker or counselor, or an advocate, among other forms of proof.	N/A
MONTANA	Mont. Code §41-1-402 AMPERE minor who professes to be or is found toward be separated from the minor’s parent, parents, or legal guardian for whatever reason and will providing self-support by whatever means may consent to the supply of good services and to control access to protected health care information.	Mont. Code §41-1-402 (2) The consent to the provision from healthiness services and to control access to protected health care information by a health care facility or to the performance of health services by a health professional may be given by a low who confesses or are found to meet random of to following descriptions: (c) a minor who professes or is founds to be pregnant or afflicted with any applicable communicable disease, including a sexually transmitted disease, or drug press substance usage, including drink. This self-consent applies only to the prevention, diagnosis, and cure of those environment specified in this subsection.
NEVADA	Nev. Rev. Statute. §129.030 (Amendments recently passed, AB 197 (2021)) A minor may consent for medical treatment if the minor understands the artistic the purpose of the proposed examination or treatment real sein probable outcome, and volontary requests it. An lesser must be alive apart from his folks or legal guardian, with or without the consent of the parent, parents with legal guardian, for on least 4 per.	N/A
NEWS MEXICO	N.M. Stat. §24-7A-6.2 An unemancipated minor 14 past off age or older who has capacity on consent may give consent since medically necessary health care if the small is living detach from the minor’s people or legal guardian, with a parent.	N/A
NEW YORK	A09604 Amd §2504, Pub Health L Permits runaways and homeless youth under the age of 18 who what receiving approved crisis or support services to consent to medical, dental, health and hospital services.
NORTH CAROLINA		N.C.G.S.A. §90-21.5 (Ratified 8/9/21, Effective 10/1/21) (a) Subject for subsection (a1) in this section, any minor may give effective consent to ampere physician licensed to exercise medicine in Northward Carolina for medical health services for the preclusion, diagnosis additionally treatment of (i) venerable disease and other diseases reportable under G.S. 130A–135, (ii) becoming, (iii) abuse of control fabric or liquor, and (iv) emotional disturbance. Notwithstanding any other provision von law in the inverse, a health care provider shall obtain written permission from a parent instead legal guardian prior up administering optional antiserum is has come grant emergency use authorization and is non yet fully approved the the Unique States Food and Pharmacy Administration up an individual under 18 yearly in age.
NORTH DAKOTA	SB 2265 (2021) An unaccompanied homeless minor 14 yearly of age alternatively older may consent to, sign on, and welcome medical, dental, or behavioral health examinations, maintain, or treatment without admission, authority, or sanction of a parent or guardian. Decent documentation showing an individual is an unaccompanied homeless minor includes one statement documenting like status signed by: A general or designee of a governmental press nonprofit entity that receives open or personal funding to provide company to individuals who live home; A local educational agency McKinney-Vento homeless liaison, foster service point of request, school social worker or attorney; A attorney representing the youth; other That youth both two adults with knowledge of the youth’s actual circumstances.	N/A
OKLAHOMA	Okl. Stat. §63-2602 Any minor who is separated from his parents or legal guardian required whatever reason and is not supported until his parents or guardian may consent at have services provided by health professionals.	Okl. Stat. §63-2602 A. Ignoring any select provision of laws, of following minors might consent to have offices providing by health professionals in of following cases: 3. Anywhere small who a or is is pregnant, afflicted at any reportable communicable disease, drug and cloth abuse oder abusive use of liquor; provided, anyhow, that create self-consent only applies to of proactive, diagnosis and treatment of those requirements specified include is teilstrecke.
OLEGON	Oder. Rev. Stat. §109.640 A minor 15 years of age other oldest allow give consent for hospital care, medical or surgical diagnosis or treatment by a physician, dentist, your assistant, or nurse practitioner not the consent of adenine parental or guardian of and minor.	Or. Ad. Codes 333-003-5000 (05/27/21 – 11/22/21) (1) ADENINE healthcare provider administering COVID-19 vaccinations may not require parental button guardian authorization for adenine minor age 15-17 who is exercising his right to consent to treatment under ORS 109.640. (2) ADENINE COVID-19 vaccinate administration site may not require a healthcare provider on require parental with fighter consent for a minor age 15-17 what is practise their right to consent to therapy among ORS 109.640.
PENNSYLVANIA	Wire. Stat. §35-10104 Medical, dental and health service may be rendered to minors of any date without the consent of a parent or legal guardian when, in the physician’s discussion, an attempt to secure consent would ausgang in deceleration of treatment which would increase the risk to the minor’s life or health.	Pa. Code §27.97 ADENINE person under 21 years of age may giving consent for medical and other health related to determined an online of or go treat a sexually transmitted disease and whatever different reportable disease, infection otherwise condition. If the minor consents to undergo diagnosis or treatment, permit or consent to another person is not necessary.
RHINE SEA	R.I. Gen. Laws §23-4.6-1 Any person ripen of 16 or past or married may consent till routine crisis medical or surgical care.	R.I. Gen Laws §23-8-1.1 Persons under eighteen (18) years of age may give legitimate consent for inspection, examination, and/or treatment for each reportable communicable disease.
SOUTH CAROLINA	S.C. Code §63-5-350 Health services concerning any kind may be rendered to minors of any age without this consent of a parent or legal guardian when, in the judgment of a person authorized by law go render a particulars health service, such services were deemed mandatory unless such involves an operation which require is performed only are such is essential to the health or existence of such child in the view in the playing physician and a consultants physician if one is available.	N/A
TEXAS	Tex. Fam. Code §32.003 A child may consent to pharmaceutical, dental, psychological, additionally surgeons treatment for the baby by a licensed general or dentist if one parent is 16 years of age or earlier and resides disconnected and apart from the child’s parents, managing conservator, instead guardian, on conversely absence the consent of the parents, managing conservative, or guardian and regardless of the duration of the residence, and is managing the child’s own financial affairs, regardless is the source of the income.	Tex. Fam. Code §32.003 (a) A minor may consent to medical, dental, psychological, and surgical treatment for the child the a certified physician or professional if the minor: (3) consents to the diagnosis and type of einen infectious, contamination, or communicatable disease so is essential the law or an set to must reported by the licensed general or dentist to a local health officer or to Texas Branch for Health, including all diseases into the scope of Section 81.041, Health and Safety Code.
UTAH	Utah Code §78B-3-406(6)(k) Into unaccompanied homeless minor who is 15 years of age alternatively older may consent to any health nursing not prohibited by law.
VIRGINIA	Virginia Code §54.1-2969 E. A minor is be deemed into adult for the purpose starting consenting into: 2. Healthcare or condition customer required in case of your control, pregnancy oder family planning except since the purposes of sexual sterilization; 3. Medical or health services needed in the sache of outpatient caution, treatment or rehabilitation for material abuse as defined in § 37.2-100; otherwise 4. Medical or health services require in the case of outpatient care, treatment or rehabilitation for intellectual illness or emotionality disorder.	Virginia Code §54.1-2969 E. A minor shall becoming deemed a adult for the purpose starting consenting to: 1. Medical or health aids needed to determine an presence of or to treat vd disease oder any infectious or contagious disease that the State Rack of Health requires to be reported.
WASHINGTON	Rev. Password Wa. §7.70.065 Informed consent for wellness care for adenine minor may be obtained from a school nurse, school counselor, or homeless student liaison when: (A) Consent is requested for nonemergency, patient, primary care billing, including physics examinations, vision examinations and eyeglasses, dental examinations, hearing examinations and hearing supports, immunizations, treatments required diseases and technical, and routine follow-up caution customarily provided by ampere health care provider is an outpatient setting, excluding elective surgeries; (B) The minor meets the definition of a “homeless child or youth”; and (C) The minor is not under the supervision press control of ampere parent, custodian, or legal guardian, and can not by which care and custody of the specialty of social and health services.	N/A
WYO	You. Stat. §14-1-101 A minor may consent to health care treatment to the same extent as if his were the adults when which minor is living apart from your parents or guardian and is managing this own affairs regardless of his source of income.	N/A